1 Samuel 25

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1Now Samuel died, and all Israel assembled and mourned for him; and they buried him at his home in Ramah. Then David moved down into the Desert of Maon.

2A certain man in Maon, who had property there at Carmel, was very wealthy. He had a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing in Carmel.

3His name was Nabal and his wife's name was Abigail. She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband, a Calebite, was surly and mean in his dealings.

4While David was in the desert, he heard that Nabal was shearing sheep.

5So he sent ten young men and said to them, “Go up to Nabal at Carmel and greet him in my name.

6Say to him: ‘Long life to you! Good health to you and your household! And good health to all that is yours!

7“ ‘Now I hear that it is sheep-shearing time. When your shepherds were with us, we did not mistreat them, and the whole time they were at Carmel nothing of theirs was missing.

8Ask your own servants and they will tell you. Therefore be favorable toward my young men, since we come at a festive time. Please give your servants and your son David whatever you can find for them.’ ”

9When David's men arrived, they gave Nabal this message in David's name. Then they waited.

10Nabal answered David's servants, “Who is this David? Who is this son of Jesse? Many servants are breaking away from their masters these days.

11Why should I take my bread and water, and the meat I have slaughtered for my shearers, and give it to men coming from who knows where?”

12David's men turned around and went back. When they arrived, they reported every word.

13David said to his men, “Put on your swords!” So they put on their swords, and David put on his. About four hundred men went up with David, while two hundred stayed with the supplies.

14One of the servants told Nabal's wife Abigail: “David sent messengers from the desert to give our master his greetings, but he hurled insults at them.

15Yet these men were very good to us. They did not mistreat us, and the whole time we were out in the fields near them nothing was missing.

16Night and day they were a wall around us all the time we were herding our sheep near them.

17Now think it over and see what you can do, because disaster is hanging over our master and his whole household. He is such a wicked man that no one can talk to him.”

18Abigail lost no time. She took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred cakes of raisins and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys.

19Then she told her servants, “Go on ahead; I'll follow you.” But she did not tell her husband Nabal.

20As she came riding her donkey into a mountain ravine, there were David and his men descending toward her, and she met them.

21David had just said, “It's been useless–all my watching over this fellow's property in the desert so that nothing of his was missing. He has paid me back evil for good.

22May God deal with David, be it ever so severely, if by morning I leave alive one male of all who belong to him!”

23When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground.

24She fell at his feet and said: “My lord, let the blame be on me alone. Please let your servant speak to you; hear what your servant has to say.

25May my lord pay no attention to that wicked man Nabal. He is just like his name–his name is Fool, and folly goes with him. But as for me, your servant, I did not see the men my master sent.

26“Now since the Lord has kept you, my master, from bloodshed and from avenging yourself with your own hands, as surely as the Lord lives and as you live, may your enemies and all who intend to harm my master be like Nabal.

27And let this gift, which your servant has brought to my master, be given to the men who follow you.

28Please forgive your servant's offense, for the Lord will certainly make a lasting dynasty for my master, because he fights the Lord's battles. Let no wrongdoing be found in you as long as you live.

29Even though someone is pursuing you to take your life, the life of my master will be bound securely in the bundle of the living by the Lord your God. But the lives of your enemies he will hurl away as from the pocket of a sling.

30When the Lord has done for my master every good thing he promised concerning him and has appointed him leader over Israel,

31my master will not have on his conscience the staggering burden of needless bloodshed or of having avenged himself. And when the Lord has brought my master success, remember your servant.”

32David said to Abigail, “Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel, who has sent you today to meet me.

33May you be blessed for your good judgment and for keeping me from bloodshed this day and from avenging myself with my own hands.

34Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal would have been left alive by daybreak.”

35Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, “Go home in peace. I have heard your words and granted your request.”

36When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. He was in high spirits and very drunk. So she told him nothing until daybreak.

37Then in the morning, when Nabal was sober, his wife told him all these things, and his heart failed him and he became like a stone.

38About ten days later, the Lord struck Nabal and he died.

39When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, “Praise be to the Lord, who has upheld my cause against Nabal for treating me with contempt. He has kept his servant from doing wrong and has brought Nabal's wrongdoing down on his own head.” Then David sent word to Abigail, asking her to become his wife.

40His servants went to Carmel and said to Abigail, “David has sent us to you to take you to become his wife.”

41She bowed down with her face to the ground and said, “Here is your maidservant, ready to serve you and wash the feet of my master's servants.”

42Abigail quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five maids, went with David's messengers and became his wife.

43David had also married Ahinoam of Jezreel, and they both were his wives.

44But Saul had given his daughter Michal, David's wife, to Paltiel son of Laish, who was from Gallim.

Commentary

Chapter 25 We have here some intermission of David’s troubles by Saul. Providence favoured him with a breathing time, and yet this chapter gives us instances of the troubles of David. If one vexation seems to be over, we must not be secure; a storm may arise from some other point, as here to David. I. Tidings of the death of Samuel could not but trouble him (v. 1). But, II. The abuse he received from Nabal is more largely recorded in this chapter. 1. The character of Nabal (v. 2, 3). 2. The humble request sent to him (v. 4-9). 3. His churlish answer (v. 10–12). 4. David’s angry resentment of it (v. 13, 21, 22). 5. Abigail’s prudent care to prevent the mischief it was likely to bring upon her family (v. 14–20). 6. Her address to David to pacify him (v. 23–31). 7. David’s favourable reception of her (v. 32–35). 8. The death of Nabal (v. 36–38). 9. Abigail’s marriage to David (v. 39–44).Verse 1 We have here a short account of Samuel’s death and burial. 1. Though he was a great man, and one that was admirably well qualified for public service, yet he spent the latter end of his days in retirement and obscurity, not because he was superannuated (for he knew how to preside in a college of the prophets, ch. 19:20), but because Israel had rejected him, for which God thus justly chastised them, and because his desire was to be quiet and to enjoy himself and his God in the exercises of devotion now in his advanced years, and in this desire God graciously indulged him. Let old people be willing to rest themselves, though it look like burying themselves alive. 2. Though he was a firm friend to David, for which Saul hated him, as also for dealing plainly with him, yet he died in peace even in the worst of the days of the tyranny of Saul, who, he sometimes feared, would kill him, ch. 16:2. Though Saul loved him not, yet he feared him, as Herod did John, and feared the people, for all knew him to be a prophet. Thus is Saul restrained from hurting him. 3. All Israel lamented him; and they had reason, for they had all a loss in him. His personal merits commanded this honour to be done him at his death. His former services to the public, when he judged Israel, made this respect to his name and memory a just debt; it would have been very ungrateful to have withheld it. The sons of the prophets had lost the founder and president of their college, and whatever weakened them was a public loss. But that was not all: Samuel was a constant intercessor for Israel, prayed daily for them, ch. 12:23. If he go, they part with the best friend they have. The loss is the more grievous at this juncture when Saul has grown so outrageous and David is driven from his country; never more need of Samuel than now, yet now he is removed. We will hope that the Israelites lamented Samuel’s death the more bitterly because they remembered against themselves their own sin and folly in rejecting him and desiring a king. Note, (1.) Those have hard hearts who can bury their faithful ministers with dry eyes, who are not sensible of the loss of those who have prayed for them and taught them the way of the Lord. (2.) When God’s providence removes our relations and friends from us we ought to be humbled for our misconduct towards them while they were with us. 4. They buried him, not in the school of the prophets at Naioth, but in his own house (or perhaps in the garden pertaining to it) at Ramah, where he was born. 5. David, thereupon, went down to the wilderness of Paran, retiring perhaps to mourn the more solemnly for the death of Samuel. Or, rather, because now that he had lost so good a friend, who was (and he hoped would be) a great support to him, he apprehended his danger to be greater than ever, and therefore withdrew to a wilderness, out of the limits of the land of Israel; and now it was that he dwelt in the tents of Kedar, Ps. 120:5. In some parts of this wilderness of Paran Israel wandered when they came out of Egypt. The place would bring to mind God’s care concerning them, and David might improve that for his own encouragement, now in his wilderness-state.

CHAPTER 251Sa 25:1-9. Samuel Dies.1. Samuel died—After a long life of piety and public usefulness, he left behind him a reputation which ranks him among the greatest of Scripture worthies.buried him in his house at Ramah—that is, his own mausoleum. The Hebrews took as great care to provide sepulchers anciently as people do in the East still, where every respectable family has its own house of the dead. Often this is in a little detached garden, containing a small stone building (where there is no rock), resembling a house, which is called the sepulcher of the family—it has neither door nor window.David arose, and went down to the wilderness of Paran—This removal had probably no connection with the prophet's death; but was probably occasioned by the necessity of seeking provision for his numerous followers.the wilderness of Paran—stretching from Sinai to the borders of Palestine in the southern territories of Judea. Like other wildernesses, it presented large tracts of natural pasture, to which the people sent their cattle at the grazing season, but where they were liable to constant and heavy depredations by prowling Arabs. David and his men earned their subsistence by making reprisals on the cattle of these freebooting Ishmaelites; and, frequently for their useful services, they obtained voluntary tokens of acknowledgment from the peaceful inhabitants.

25:1 All Israel lamented Samuel, and they had reason. He prayed daily for them. Those have hard hearts, who can bury faithful ministers without grief; who do not feel their loss of those who have prayed for them, and taught them the way of the Lord.

2. in Carmel—now Kurmul. The district takes its name from this town, now a mass of ruins; and about a mile from it is Tell Main, the hillock on which stood ancient Maon.

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Translations8 · 5

AMHEVG ሳሙኤልም ሞተ፤ እስራኤልም ሁሉ ተሰብስበው አለቀሱለት፥ በአርማቴምም በቤቱ ቀበሩት። ዳዊትም ተነሥቶ ወደ ፋራን ምድረ በዳ ወረደ። አማርኛ BCV ሳሙኤል ሞተ፤ ኵሎም እስራኤል ከዓ ተኣኪቦም በኸዩሉ፤ ኣብ ኣርማቴም ኣብ ገዛኡ ድማ ቐበርዎ። ሽዑ ዳዊት ናብ ምድረ በዳ ፋራን ወረደ። ትግርኛ GAZBIB Baras Saamu'el duunaan, Israa'eloonni hundinuu wal ga'anii boo'aniif biyya isaa Raamaatti isa in awwaalan; kana booddee… Afaan Oromoo BCV GIZ ወሞተ ሳሙኤል ወተጋብኡ ኵሉ እስራኤል ወበከይዎ ወቀበርዎ ውስተ ቤቱ ውስተ አርማቴም ወተንሥአ ዳዊት ወወረደ ውስተ ሐቅለ ማኦን። giz GAZGAZ Baras Saamu'el duunaan, Israa'eloonni hundinuu wal ga'anii boo'aniif biyya isaa Raamaatti isa in awwaalan; kana booddee… Afaan Oromoo BCV aksum ሳሙኤል ሞተ፤ ኵሎም እስራኤል ከዓ ተኣኪቦም በኸዩሉ፤ ኣብ ኣርማቴም ኣብ ገዛኡ ድማ ቐበርዎ። ሽዑ ዳዊት ናብ ምድረ በዳ ፋራን ወረደ። ትግርኛ AMHNIV ሳሙኤልም ሞተ፤ እስራኤል ሁሉ ተሰብስበው አለቀሱለት፤ አርማቴም ባለው ቤቱም ቀበሩት። ከዚያም ዳዊት ተነሥቶ ወደ ማዖን ምድረ በዳ ወረደ። አማርኛ SWAHSUV Akafa Samweli; nao Israeli wote wakakusanyika, wakamwomboleza, wakamzika nyumbani mwake huko Rama. Kiswahili