Isaiah 28

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1Woe to that wreath, the pride of Ephraim's drunkards, to the fading flower, his glorious beauty, set on the head of a fertile valley– to that city, the pride of those laid low by wine!

2See, the Lord has one who is powerful and strong. Like a hailstorm and a destructive wind, like a driving rain and a flooding downpour, he will throw it forcefully to the ground.

3That wreath, the pride of Ephraim's drunkards, will be trampled underfoot.

4That fading flower, his glorious beauty, set on the head of a fertile valley, will be like a fig ripe before harvest– as soon as someone sees it and takes it in his hand, he swallows it.

5In that day the Lord Almighty will be a glorious crown, a beautiful wreath for the remnant of his people.

6He will be a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, a source of strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.

7And these also stagger from wine and reel from beer: Priests and prophets stagger from beer and are befuddled with wine; they reel from beer, they stagger when seeing visions, they stumble when rendering decisions.

8All the tables are covered with vomit and there is not a spot without filth.

9“Who is it he is trying to teach? To whom is he explaining his message? To children weaned from their milk, to those just taken from the breast?

10For it is: Do and do, do and do, rule on rule, rule on rule; a little here, a little there.”

11Very well then, with foreign lips and strange tongues God will speak to this people,

12to whom he said, “This is the resting place, let the weary rest”; and, “This is the place of repose”– but they would not listen.

13So then, the word of the Lord to them will become: Do and do, do and do, rule on rule, rule on rule; a little here, a little there– so that they will go and fall backward, be injured and snared and captured.

14Therefore hear the word of the Lord, you scoffers who rule this people in Jerusalem.

15You boast, “We have entered into a covenant with death, with the grave we have made an agreement. When an overwhelming scourge sweeps by, it cannot touch us, for we have made a lie our refuge and falsehood our hiding place.”

16So this is what the Sovereign Lord says: “See, I lay a stone in Zion, a tested stone, a precious cornerstone for a sure foundation; the one who trusts will never be dismayed.

17I will make justice the measuring line and righteousness the plumb line; hail will sweep away your refuge, the lie, and water will overflow your hiding place.

18Your covenant with death will be annulled; your agreement with the grave will not stand. When the overwhelming scourge sweeps by, you will be beaten down by it.

19As often as it comes it will carry you away; morning after morning, by day and by night, it will sweep through.” The understanding of this message will bring sheer terror.

20The bed is too short to stretch out on, the blanket too narrow to wrap around you.

21The Lord will rise up as he did at Mount Perazim, he will rouse himself as in the Valley of Gibeon– to do his work, his strange work, and perform his task, his alien task.

22Now stop your mocking, or your chains will become heavier; the Lord, the Lord Almighty, has told me of the destruction decreed against the whole land.

23Listen and hear my voice; pay attention and hear what I say.

24When a farmer plows for planting, does he plow continually? Does he keep on breaking up and harrowing the soil?

25When he has leveled the surface, does he not sow caraway and scatter cummin? Does he not plant wheat in its place, barley in its plot, and spelt in its field?

26His God instructs him and teaches him the right way.

27Caraway is not threshed with a sledge, nor is a cartwheel rolled over cummin; caraway is beaten out with a rod, and cummin with a stick.

28Grain must be ground to make bread; so one does not go on threshing it forever. Though he drives the wheels of his threshing cart over it, his horses do not grind it.

29All this also comes from the Lord Almighty, wonderful in counsel and magnificent in wisdom.

Commentary

28:1-4 What men are proud of, be it ever so mean, is to them as a crown; but pride is the forerunner of destruction. How foolishly drunkards act! Those who are overcome with wine are overcome by Satan; and there is not greater drudgery in the world than hard drinking. Their health is ruined; men are broken in their callings and estates, and their families are ruined by it. Their souls are in danger of being undone for ever, and all merely to gratify a base lust. In God's professing people, like Israel, it is worse than in any other. And he is just in taking away the plenty they thus abuse. The plenty they were proud of, is but a fading flower. Like the early fruit, which, as soon as discovered, is plucked and eaten.

28:1 Pride - That proud and insolent kingdom. Drunkards - Having many and excellent vines among them, they were much exposed to this sin. Ephraim - Of the kingdom of the ten tribes. Who are - Who have their common abode. The head - Samaria, might well be called the head, as being seated upon a mountain, and the head of the kingdom, and the head of the fat valleys, because it was encompassed with many fat and rich valleys.

"\nWoe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim,.... Or, "of the drunkards of Ephraim": or, "O crown of pride, O drunkards of Ephraim {l}"; who are both called upon, and a woe denounced against them. Ephraim is put for the ten tribes, who were drunk either in a literal sense, for to the sin of drunkenness were they addicted, Ho 7:5 Am 6:6. The Jews say {m}, that wine of Prugiatha (which perhaps was a place noted for good wine), and the waters of Diomasit (baths), cut off the ten tribes from Israel; which both Jarchi and Kimchi, on the place, make mention of; that is, as Buxtorf {n} interprets it, pleasures and delights destroyed the ten tribes. The inhabitants of Samaria, and the places adjacent, especially were addicted to this vice; these places abounding with excellent wines. Sichem, which were in these parts, is thought to be called, from the drunkenness of its inhabitants, Sychar, Joh 4:5 this is a sin very uncomely in any, but especially in professors of religion, as these were, and ought to be declaimed against: or they were drunkards in a metaphorical sense, either with idolatry, the two calves being set up in Dan and Bethel, which belonged to the ten tribes; just as the kings of the earth are said to be drunk with the wine of antichrist's fornication, or the idolatry of the church of Rome, Re 17:2 or with pride and haughtiness, being elated with the fruitfulness of their country, their great affluence and riches, and numbers of people; in all which they were superior to the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, and in which they piqued themselves, and are therefore called "the crown of pride"; and especially their king may be meant, who was lifted up with pride that he ruled over such a country and people; or rather the city of Samaria, the metropolis of the ten tribes, and the royal city. Perhaps there may be an allusion to the crowns wore by drunkards at their revels, and particularly by such who were mighty to drink wine or strong drink, and overcame others, and triumphed in it: pride and sensuality are the vices condemned, and they often go together:\n\nwhose glorious beauty; which lay in the numbers of their inhabitants, in their wealth and riches, and in their fruits of corn and wine:\n\n[is] a fading flower; not to be depended on, soon destroyed, and quickly gone:\n\nwhich [are] on the head of the fat valleys; meaning particularly the corn and wine, the harvest and vintage, with which the fruitful valleys being covered, looked very beautiful and glorious: very probably particular respect is had to Samaria, the head of the kingdom, and which was situated on a hill, and surrounded with fruitful valleys; for not Jerusalem is here meant, as Cocceius; nor Gethsemane, by the fat valleys, as Jerom:\n\nof them that are overcome with wine; or smitten, beaten {o} knocked down with it, as with a hammer, and laid prostrate on the ground, where they lie fixed to it, not able to get up; a true picture of a drunkard, that is conquered by wine, and enslaved unto it; see Isa 28:3.\n\n{l} \u05d4\u05d5\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d8\u05e8\u05ea \u05d2\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05db\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd "vae coronae erectionis ebriorum Ephraimi", Cocceius, Gataker. {m} T. Bab. Sabbat, fol. 147. 2. {n} Lex. Talmud. col. 529. {o} \u05d4\u05dc\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05d9\u05d9\u05df "concussi vino", Pagninus, "percussi vino", so some in Vatablus; "conquassantur vel conculcantur a vino", Forerius; "contusorum a vino", Cocceius.\n\n\n "

CHAPTER 28Isa 28:1-29.The twenty-eighth through thirty-third chapters form almost one continuous prophecy concerning the destruction of Ephraim, the impiety and folly of Judah, the danger of their league with Egypt, the straits they would be reduced to by Assyria, from which Jehovah would deliver them on their turning to Him; the twenty-eighth chapter refers to the time just before the sixth year of Hezekiak's reign, the rest not very long before his fourteenth year.1. crown of pride—Hebrew for "proud crown of the drunkards," &c. [Horsley], namely, Samaria, the capital of Ephraim, or Israel. "Drunkards," literally (Isa 28:7, 8; Isa 5:11, 22; Am 4:1; 6:1-6) and metaphorically, like drunkards, rushing on to their own destruction.beauty … flower—"whose glorious beauty or ornament is a fading flower." Carrying on the image of "drunkards"; it was the custom at feasts to wreathe the brow with flowers; so Samaria, "which is (not as English Version, 'which are') upon the head of the fertile valley," that is, situated on a hill surrounded with the rich valleys as a garland (1Ki 16:24); but the garland is "fading," as garlands often do, because Ephraim is now close to ruin (compare Isa 16:8); fulfilled 721 B.C. (2Ki 17:6, 24).

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Translations8 · 5

AMHEVG ለኤፍሬም ሰካሮች ትዕቢት አክሊል፥ በወይን ጠጅ ለተሸነፉ በወፍራም ሸለቆአቸው ራስ ላይ ላለችም ለረገፈች ለክብሩ ጌጥ አበባ ወዮ! አማርኛ BCV ንሰካራማት ኤፍሬም ናይ ትዕቢት ኣኽሊል ንዝኾነት፥ ኣብ ልዕሊ ዝለምለመ ለሰ ጉብ ኢላ፥ ናይ ክብሩ መልክዕ ዝኾነት ፅምልውቲ ዕምበባ፥ ብመስተ ወይኒ ዝተሰነፉ መመክሒት ንዝኾነት ወይለኣ! ትግርኛ GAZBIB Gonfoo isa namoota Efreem warra machooftuudhaa fi of jajuu ta'eef, isa daraaraan isaa inni miidhagaan irraa coollageef,… Afaan Oromoo BCV GIZ አሌ ሎ ለአክሊለ ኀሳር ዐሳቢሁ ለኤፍሬም ጽጌ ዘይወድቅ እምትርሲቱ ውስተ ርእሰ ደብር ግዙፍ እለ ይሰክሩ ዘእንበለ ወይን። giz GAZGAZ Gonfoo isa namoota Efreem warra machooftuudhaa fi of jajuu ta'eef, isa daraaraan isaa inni miidhagaan irraa coollageef,… Afaan Oromoo BCV aksum ንሰካራማት ኤፍሬም ናይ ትዕቢት ኣኽሊል ንዝኾነት፥ ኣብ ልዕሊ ዝለምለመ ለሰ ጉብ ኢላ፥ ናይ ክብሩ መልክዕ ዝኾነት ፅምልውቲ ዕምበባ፥ ብመስተ ወይኒ ዝተሰነፉ መመክሒት ንዝኾነት ወይለኣ! ትግርኛ AMHNIV ለኤፍሬም ሰካራሞች የመታበያ አክሊል ለሆነች፣ በለመለመ ሸለቆ ዐናት ላይ ጒብ ብላ፣ የክብሩ ውበት ለሆነች ጠውላጋ አበባ፣ የወይን ጠጅ ለዘራቸው መኵራሪያ ለሆነች፣ ለዚያች ከተማ ወዮላት! አማርኛ SWAHSUV Ole wa taji ya kiburi ya walevi wa Efraimu, na ua la uzuri wa fahari yake linalonyauka, lililo kichwani mwa bonde linal… Kiswahili