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Leviticus 25

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1Yahweh said to Moses in Mount Sinai,

2“Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘When you come into the land which I give you, then the land shall keep a Sabbath to Yahweh.

3You shall sow your field six years, and you shall prune your vineyard six years, and gather in its fruits;

4but in the seventh year there shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a Sabbath to Yahweh. You shall not sow your field or prune your vineyard.

5What grows of itself in your harvest you shall not reap, and you shall not gather the grapes of your undressed vine. It shall be a year of solemn rest for the land.

6The Sabbath of the land shall be for food for you; for yourself, for your servant, for your maid, for your hired servant, and for your stranger, who lives as a foreigner with you.

7For your livestock also, and for the animals that are in your land, shall all its increase be for food.

8“‘You shall count off seven Sabbaths of years, seven times seven years; and there shall be to you the days of seven Sabbaths of years, even forty-nine years.

9Then you shall sound the loud trumpet on the tenth day of the seventh month. On the Day of Atonement you shall sound the trumpet throughout all your land.

10You shall make the fiftieth year holy, and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee to you; and each of you shall return to his own property, and each of you shall return to his family.

11That fiftieth year shall be a jubilee to you. In it you shall not sow, neither reap that which grows of itself, nor gather from the undressed vines.

12For it is a jubilee; it shall be holy to you. You shall eat of its increase out of the field.

13“‘In this Year of Jubilee each of you shall return to his property.

14“‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another.

15According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your neighbor. According to the number of years of the crops he shall sell to you.

16According to the length of the years you shall increase its price, and according to the shortness of the years you shall diminish its price; for he is selling the number of the crops to you.

17You shall not wrong one another; but you shall fear your God: for I am Yahweh your God.

18“‘Therefore you shall do my statutes, and keep my ordinances and do them; and you shall dwell in the land in safety.

19The land shall yield its fruit, and you shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in safety.

20If you said, “What shall we eat the seventh year? Behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase”;

21then I will command my blessing on you in the sixth year, and it shall bear fruit for the three years.

22You shall sow the eighth year, and eat of the fruits, the old store; until the ninth year, until its fruits come in, you shall eat the old store.

23“‘The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; for you are strangers and live as foreigners with me.

24In all the land of your possession you shall grant a redemption for the land.

25“‘If your brother becomes poor, and sells some of his possessions, then his kinsman who is next to him shall come, and redeem that which his brother has sold.

26If a man has no one to redeem it, and he becomes prosperous and finds sufficient means to redeem it;

27then let him reckon the years since its sale, and restore the surplus to the man to whom he sold it; and he shall return to his property.

28But if he isn’t able to get it back for himself, then what he has sold shall remain in the hand of him who has bought it until the Year of Jubilee: and in the Jubilee it shall be released, and he shall return to his property.

29“‘If a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it has been sold. For a full year he shall have the right of redemption.

30If it isn’t redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city shall be made sure in perpetuity to him who bought it, throughout his generations. It shall not be released in the Jubilee.

31But the houses of the villages which have no wall around them shall be reckoned with the fields of the country: they may be redeemed, and they shall be released in the Jubilee.

32“‘Nevertheless the cities of the Levites, the houses in the cities of their possession, the Levites may redeem at any time.

33The Levites may redeem the house that was sold, and the city of his possession, and it shall be released in the Jubilee; for the houses of the cities of the Levites are their possession among the children of Israel.

34But the field of the suburbs of their cities may not be sold; for it is their perpetual possession.

35“‘If your brother has become poor, and his hand can’t support himself among you; then you shall uphold him. He shall live with you like an alien and a temporary resident.

36Take no interest from him or profit, but fear your God; that your brother may live among you.

37You shall not lend him your money at interest, nor give him your food for profit.

38I am Yahweh your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, and to be your God.

39“‘If your brother has grown poor among you, and sells himself to you; you shall not make him to serve as a slave.

40As a hired servant, and as a temporary resident, he shall be with you; he shall serve with you until the Year of Jubilee:

41then he shall go out from you, he and his children with him, and shall return to his own family, and to the possession of his fathers.

42For they are my servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt. They shall not be sold as slaves.

43You shall not rule over him with harshness, but shall fear your God.

44“‘As for your male and your female slaves, whom you may have; of the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slaves.

45Moreover of the children of the aliens who live among you, of them you may buy, and of their families who are with you, which they have conceived in your land; and they will be your property.

46You may make them an inheritance for your children after you, to hold for a possession; of them may you take your slaves forever; but over your brothers the children of Israel you shall not rule, one over another, with harshness.

47“‘If an alien or temporary resident with you becomes rich, and your brother beside him has grown poor, and sells himself to the stranger or foreigner living among you, or to a member of the stranger’s family;

48after he is sold he may be redeemed. One of his brothers may redeem him;

49or his uncle, or his uncle’s son, may redeem him, or any who is a close relative to him of his family may redeem him; or if he has grown rich, he may redeem himself.

50He shall reckon with him who bought him from the year that he sold himself to him to the Year of Jubilee. The price of his sale shall be according to the number of years; he shall be with him according to the time of a hired servant.

51If there are yet many years, according to them he shall give back the price of his redemption out of the money that he was bought for.

52If there remain but a few years to the year of jubilee, then he shall reckon with him; according to his years of service he shall give back the price of his redemption.

53As a servant hired year by year shall he be with him. He shall not rule with harshness over him in your sight.

54If he isn’t redeemed by these means, then he shall be released in the Year of Jubilee, he, and his children with him.

55For to me the children of Israel are servants; they are my servants whom I brought out of the land of Egypt. I am Yahweh your God.

Commentary

25:1-7 All labour was to cease in the seventh year, as much as daily labour on the seventh day. These statues tell us to beware of covetousness, for a man's life consists not in the abundance of his possessions. We are to exercise willing dependence on God's providence for our support; to consider ourselves the Lord's tenants or stewards, and to use our possessions accordingly. This year of rest typified the spiritual rest which all believers enter into through Christ. Through Him we are eased of the burden of wordly care and labour, both being sanctified and sweetened to us; and we are enabled and encouraged to live by faith.

Chapter 25 The law of this chapter concerns the lands and estates of the Israelites in Canaan, the occupying and transferring of which were to be under the divine direction, as well as the management of religious worship; for, as the tabernacle was a holy house, so Canaan was a holy land; and upon that account, as much as any thing, it was the glory of all lands. In token of a peculiar title which God had to this land, and a right to dispose of it, he appointed, I. That every seventh year should be a year of rest from occupying the land, a sabbatical year (v. 1-7). In this God expected from them extraordinary instances of faith and obedience, and they might expect from God extraordinary instances of power and goodness in providing for them (v. 18–22). II. That every fiftieth year should be a year of jubilee, that is, 1. A year of release of debts and mortgages, and return to the possession of their alienated lands (v. 8–17). Particular directions are given, (1.) Concerning the sale and redemption of lands (v. 23–28). (2.) Of houses in cities and villages, with a proviso for Levite-cities (v. 29–34). 2. A year of release of servants and bond-slaves. (1.) Here is inserted a law for the kind usage of poor debtors (v. 35–38). (2). Then comes the law for the discharge of all Israelites that were sold for servants, in the year of jubilee, if they were not redeemed before. [1.] If they were sold to Israelites (v. 39–46). And, [2.] If sold to proselytes (v. 47–55). All these appointments have something moral and of perpetual obligation in them, though in the letter of them they were not only peculiar to the Jews, but to them only while they were in Canaan.Verses 1-7 The law of Moses laid a great deal of stress upon the sabbath, the sanctification of which was the earliest and most ancient of all divine institutions, designed for the keeping up of the knowledge and worship of the Creator among men; that law not only revived the observance of the weekly sabbath, but, for the further advancement of the honour of them, added the institution of a sabbatical year: In the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, v. 4. And hence the Jews collect that vulgar tradition that after the world has stood six thousand years (a thousand years being to God as one day) it shall cease, and the eternal sabbath shall succeed—a weak foundation on which to build the fixing of that day and hour which it is God’s prerogative to know. This sabbatical year began in September, at the end of harvest, the seventh month of their ecclesiastical year: and the law was, 1. That at the seed-time, which immediately followed the end of their in-gathering, they should sow no corn in their land, and that they should not in the spring dress their vineyards, and consequently that they should not expect either harvest or vintage the next year. 2. That what their ground did produce of itself they should not claim any property or use in, otherwise than from hand to mouth, but leave it for the poor, servants, strangers, and cattle, v. 5-7. It must be a sabbath of rest to the land; they must neither do any work about it, nor expect any fruit from it; all annual labours must be intermitted in the seventh year, as much as daily labours on the seventh day. The Jews say they "began not to reckon for the sabbatical year till they had completed the conquest of Canaan, which was in the eighth year of Joshua; the seventh year after that was the first sabbatical year, and so the fiftieth year was the jubilee." This year there was to be a general release of debts (Deu. 15:1, 2), and a public reading of the law in the feast (Deu. 31:10, 11), to make it the more solemn. Now, (1.) God would hereby show them that he was their landlord, and that they were tenants at will under him. Landlords are wont to stipulate with their tenants when they shall break up their ground, how long they shall till it, and when they shall let it rest: God would thus give, grant, and convey, that good land to them, under such provisos and limitations as should let them know that they were not proprietors, but dependents on their Lord. (2.) It was a kindness to their land to let it rest sometimes, and would keep it in heart (as our husbandmen express it) for posterity, whose satisfaction God would have them to consult, and not to use the ground as if it were designed only for one age. (3.) When they were thus for a whole year taken off from all country business, they would have the more leisure to attend the exercises of religion, and to get the knowledge of God and his law. (4.) They were hereby taught to be charitable and generous, and not to engross all to themselves, but to be willing that others should share with them in the gifts of God’s bounty, which the earth brought forth of itself. (5.) They were brought to live in a constant dependence upon the divine providence, finding that, as man lives not by bread alone, so he has bread, not by his own industry alone, but, if God pleases, by the word of blessing from the mouth of God, without any care or pains of man, Mt. 4:4. (6.) They were reminded of the easy life man lived in paradise, when he ate of every good thing, not, as since, in the sweat of his face. Labour and toil came in with sin. (7.

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Translations8 · 5

AMHEVG እግዚአብሔርም ሙሴን በሲና ተራራ ላይ እንዲህ ብሎ ተናገረው፦ አማርኛ ENGNIV The Lord said to Moses on Mount Sinai, English BCV እግዚኣብሄር ንሙሴ ኣብ ደብረ ሲና ኸምዙይ ኢሉ ተዛረቦ፦ ትግርኛ GAZBIB Waaqayyo tulluu Siinaa irratti Museetti in dubbate. Afaan Oromoo BCV GIZ ወነበቦ እግዚአብሔር ለሙሴ በደብረ ሲና ወይቤሎ፦ giz GAZGAZ Waaqayyo tulluu Siinaa irratti Museetti in dubbate. Afaan Oromoo BCV aksum እግዚኣብሄር ንሙሴ ኣብ ደብረ ሲና ኸምዙይ ኢሉ ተዛረቦ፦ ትግርኛ AMHNIV እግዚአብሔር (ያህዌ) ሙሴን በሲና ተራራ ላይ እንዲህ አለው፤ አማርኛ