Joshua 12

ENGWEBEnglish24 verses

1Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel struck, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:

2Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon;

3and the Arabah to the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth Jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:

4and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,

5and ruled in Mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, to the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

6Moses the servant of Yahweh and the children of Israel struck them. Moses the servant of Yahweh gave it for a possession to the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

7These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel struck beyond the Jordan westward, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon even to Mount Halak, that goes up to Seir. Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions;

8in the hill country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:

9the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;

10the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one;

11the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;

12the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;

13the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one;

14the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

15the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;

16the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one;

17the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;

18the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lassharon, one;

19the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one;

20the king of Shimron Meron, one; the king of Achshaph, one;

21the king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one;

22the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;

23the king of Dor in the height of Dor, one; the king of Goiim in Gilgal, one;

24the king of Tirzah, one: all the kings thirty-one.

Commentary

CHAPTER 12Jos 12:1-6. The Two Kings Whose Countries Moses Took and Disposed of.1. Now these are the kings of the land, which the children of Israel smote, and possessed their land on the other side Jordan—This chapter contains a recapitulation of the conquests made in the promised land, with the additional mention of some places not formerly noted in the sacred history. The river Arnon on the south and mount Hermon on the north were the respective boundaries of the land acquired by the Israelites beyond Jordan (see Nu 21:21-24; De 2:36; 3:3-16 [and see on [187]De 2:24]).

12:1-6 Fresh mercies must not drown the remembrance of former mercies, nor must the glory of the present instruments of good to the church diminish the just honour of those who went before them, since God is the same who wrought by both. Moses gave to one part of Israel a very rich and fruitful country, but it was on the outside of Jordan. Joshua gave to all Israel the holy land, within Jordan. So the law has given to some few of God's spiritual Israel worldly blessings, earnests of good things to come; but our Lord Jesus, the true Joshua, provided for all the children of promise spiritual blessings, and the heavenly Canaan.

Chapter 12 This chapter is a summary of Israel’s conquests. I. Their conquests under Moses, on the other side Jordan (for we now suppose ourselves in Canaan) eastward, which we had the history of, Num. 21:24, etc. And here the abridgment of that history (v. 1-6). II. Their conquests under Joshua, on this side Jordan, westward. 1. The country they reduced (v. 7, 8). 2. The kings they subdued, thirty-one in all (v. 9–24). And this comes in here, not only as a conclusion of the history of the wars of Canaan (that we might at one view see what they had got), but as a preface to the history of the dividing of Canaan, that all that might be put together which they were not to make a distribution of.Verses 1-6 Joshua, or whoever else is the historian before he comes to sum up the new conquests Israel had made, in these verses receives their former conquests in Moses’s time, under whom they became masters of the great and potent kingdoms of Sihon and Og. Note, Fresh mercies must not drown the remembrance of former mercies, nor must the glory of the present instruments of good to the church be suffered to eclipse and diminish the just honour of those who have gone before them, and who were the blessings and ornaments of their day. Joshua’s services and achievements are confessedly great, but let not those under Moses be overlooked and forgotten, since God was the same who wrought both, and both put together proclaim him the Alpha and Omega of Israel’s great salvation. Here is, 1. A description of this conquered country, the measure and bounds of it in general (v. 1): From the river Arnon in the south, to Mount Hermon in the north. In particular, here is a description of the kingdom of Sihon (v. 2, 3), and that of Og, v. 4, 5. Moses had described this country very particularly (Deu. 2:36; 3:4, etc.), and this description here agrees with his. King Og is said to dwell at Ashtaroth and Edrei (v. 4), probably because they were both his royal cities; he had palaces in both, and resided sometimes in one and sometimes in the other; one perhaps was his summer seat and the other his winter seat. But Israel took both from him, and made one grave to serve him that could not be content with one palace. 2. The distribution of this country. Moses assigned it to the two tribes and a half, at their request, and divided it among them (v. 6), of which we had the story at large, Num. 32. The dividing of it when it was conquered by Moses is here mentioned as an example to Joshua what he must do now that he had conquered the country on this side Jordan. Moses, in his time, gave to one part of Israel a very rich and fruitful country, but it was on the outside of Jordan; but Joshua gave to all Israel the holy land, the mountain of God’s sanctuary, within Jordan: so the law conferred upon some few of God’s spiritual Israel external temporal blessings, which were earnests of good things to come; but our Lord Jesus, the true Joshua, has provided for all the children of promise spiritual blessings—the privileges of the sanctuary, and the heavenly Canaan. The triumphs and grants of the law were glorious, but those of the gospel far exceed in glory.

12:2 Middle of the river - It is not unusual even among us, for a river to be divided between two lords, and for their territories or jurisdictions to meet in the middle of the river: and besides, here is a very particular reason for this expression, because the city Ar, which was no part of Sihon's dominions, but belonged to the Moabites, Deut 2:9,18, was in the middle of the river Arnon, Deut 2:36 3:16, and therefore the middle of the river is properly here mentioned, as the bound of Sihon's dominion on that side. Half Gilead - Heb. and the half Gilead, that is, half of the country of Gilead; this doth not denote the bound from which his dominion began, but the country, over which his dominion was, which began at Arnon, and took in half Gilead, and ended at Jabbok, beyond which was the other half of Gilead which belonged to Og.

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Translations8 · 5

AMHEVG የእስራኤልም ልጆች የመቱአቸው፥ ከአርኖንም ሸለቆ ጀምሮ እስከ አርሞንዔም ተራራ ድረስ በምሥራቅ ያለውን ዓረባ ሁሉ በዮርዳኖስም ማዶ በፀሐይ መውጫ ያለውን አገራቸውን የወረሱአቸው ነገሥታት እ… አማርኛ ENGNIV These are the kings of the land whom the Israelites had defeated and whose territory they took over east of the Jordan,… English BCV እቶም ደቂ እስራኤል ዝሰዓርዎም እሞ ምድሮም ከዓ ኣብ ማዕዶ ዮርዳኖስ፥ ብምብራቕ ፀሓይ፥ ካብ ሩባ ኣርኖን ክሳዕ እምባ ኣርሞንኤም፥ ብወገን ምብራቕ ዘሎ ዅሉ ጐላጕል ድማ ዝወረስዎም ነገስታት… ትግርኛ GAZBIB Maqaan mootota biyya warra Israa'eloonni biyya Yordaanos irraa gara ba'a-biiftuutti, dachaa Aarnonii hamma tulluu Hermo… Afaan Oromoo BCV GIZ ወእሉ እሙንቱ ነገሥት እለ ቀተሉ ደቂቀ እስራኤል ወተወርስዎሙ ምድሮሙ በማዕዶተ ዮርዳኖስ ዘመንገለ ሠረቀ ፀሐይ እምነ ቈላተ አርኖን እስከ ደብረ አኤርሞን ወኵሎ ምድረ አራባ ዘመንገለ ጽባሒሁ፤ giz GAZGAZ Maqaan mootota biyya warra Israa'eloonni biyya Yordaanos irraa gara ba'a-biiftuutti, dachaa Aarnonii hamma tulluu Hermo… Afaan Oromoo BCV aksum እቶም ደቂ እስራኤል ዝሰዓርዎም እሞ ምድሮም ከዓ ኣብ ማዕዶ ዮርዳኖስ፥ ብምብራቕ ፀሓይ፥ ካብ ሩባ ኣርኖን ክሳዕ እምባ ኣርሞንኤም፥ ብወገን ምብራቕ ዘሎ ዅሉ ጐላጕል ድማ ዝወረስዎም ነገስታት… ትግርኛ AMHNIV እንግዲህ እስራኤላውያን ድል ያደረጓቸውና ከዮርዳኖስ ማዶ በስተ ምሥራቅ የሚገኘውን የዓረባን ክፍል በሙሉ ይዞ፣ ከአርኖን ሸለቆ እስከ አርሞንዔም ተራራ የሚዘልቀውን ግዛታቸውን የወሰዱባቸው ነ… አማርኛ