Jeremiah 52

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1Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother's name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah; she was from Libnah.

2He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, just as Jehoiakim had done.

3It was because of the Lord's anger that all this happened to Jerusalem and Judah, and in the end he thrust them from his presence. Now Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.

4So in the ninth year of Zedekiah's reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his whole army. They camped outside the city and built siege works all around it.

5The city was kept under siege until the eleventh year of King Zedekiah.

6By the ninth day of the fourth month the famine in the city had become so severe that there was no food for the people to eat.

7Then the city wall was broken through, and the whole army fled. They left the city at night through the gate between the two walls near the king's garden, though the Babylonians were surrounding the city. They fled toward the Arabah,

8but the Babylonian army pursued King Zedekiah and overtook him in the plains of Jericho. All his soldiers were separated from him and scattered,

9and he was captured. He was taken to the king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced sentence on him.

10There at Riblah the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes; he also killed all the officials of Judah.

11Then he put out Zedekiah's eyes, bound him with bronze shackles and took him to Babylon, where he put him in prison till the day of his death.

12On the tenth day of the fifth month, in the nineteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, Nebuzaradan commander of the imperial guard, who served the king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem.

13He set fire to the temple of the Lord, the royal palace and all the houses of Jerusalem. Every important building he burned down.

14The whole Babylonian army under the commander of the imperial guard broke down all the walls around Jerusalem.

15Nebuzaradan the commander of the guard carried into exile some of the poorest people and those who remained in the city, along with the rest of the craftsmen and those who had gone over to the king of Babylon.

16But Nebuzaradan left behind the rest of the poorest people of the land to work the vineyards and fields.

17The Babylonians broke up the bronze pillars, the movable stands and the bronze Sea that were at the temple of the Lord and they carried all the bronze to Babylon.

18They also took away the pots, shovels, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes and all the bronze articles used in the temple service.

19The commander of the imperial guard took away the basins, censers, sprinkling bowls, pots, lampstands, dishes and bowls used for drink offerings–all that were made of pure gold or silver.

20The bronze from the two pillars, the Sea and the twelve bronze bulls under it, and the movable stands, which King Solomon had made for the temple of the Lord, was more than could be weighed.

21Each of the pillars was eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference; each was four fingers thick, and hollow.

22The bronze capital on top of the one pillar was five cubits high and was decorated with a network and pomegranates of bronze all around. The other pillar, with its pomegranates, was similar.

23There were ninety-six pomegranates on the sides; the total number of pomegranates above the surrounding network was a hundred.

24The commander of the guard took as prisoners Seraiah the chief priest, Zephaniah the priest next in rank and the three doorkeepers.

25Of those still in the city, he took the officer in charge of the fighting men, and seven royal advisers. He also took the secretary who was chief officer in charge of conscripting the people of the land and sixty of his men who were found in the city.

26Nebuzaradan the commander took them all and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah.

27There at Riblah, in the land of Hamath, the king had them executed. So Judah went into captivity, away from her land.

28This is the number of the people Nebuchadnezzar carried into exile: in the seventh year, 3,023 Jews;

29in Nebuchadnezzar's eighteenth year, 832 people from Jerusalem;

30in his twenty-third year, 745 Jews taken into exile by Nebuzaradan the commander of the imperial guard. There were 4,600 people in all.

31In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the year Evil-Merodach became king of Babylon, he released Jehoiachin king of Judah and freed him from prison on the twenty-fifth day of the twelfth month.

32He spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat of honor higher than those of the other kings who were with him in Babylon.

33So Jehoiachin put aside his prison clothes and for the rest of his life ate regularly at the king's table.

34Day by day the king of Babylon gave Jehoiachin a regular allowance as long as he lived, till the day of his death.

Commentary

CHAPTER 52Jer 52:1-34. Written by Some Other than Jeremiah (Probably Ezra) AS AN Historical Supplement to the Previous Prophecies(See on [1007]Jer 51:64). Jeremiah, having already (thirty-ninth and fortieth chapters) given the history in the proper place, was not likely to repeat it here. Its canonical authority as inspired is shown by its being in the Septuagint version. It contains the capture and burning of Jerusalem, &c., Zedekiah's punishment, and the better treatment of Jehoiachin under Evil-merodach, down to his death. These last events were probably subsequent to Jeremiah's time.

52:1-11 This fruit of sin we should pray against above any thing; Cast me not away from thy presence, Ps 51:11. None are cast out of God's presence but those who by sin have first thrown themselves out. Zedekiah's flight was in vain, for there is no escaping the judgments of God; they come upon the sinner, and overtake him, let him flee where he will.

52:2 Zedekiah - It is generally thought that this chapter was not penned by Jeremiah, who, it is not probable, would have so largely repeated what he had related before; and could not historically relate what happened after his time, as some things did which are mentioned towards the end of the chapter . Probably it was penned by some of those in Babylon, and put in here as a preface to the book of Lamentations.

3. through … anger of … Lord … Zedekiah rebelled—His "anger" against Jerusalem, determining Him to "cast out" His people "from His presence" heretofore manifested there, led Him to permit Zedekiah to rebel (2Ki 23:26, 27; compare Ex 9:12; 10:1; Ro 9:18). That rebellion, being in violation of his oath "by God," was sure to bring down God's vengeance (2Ch 36:13; Eze 17:15, 16, 18).

11. Eze 12:13: "I will bring him to Babylon … yet shall he not see it."prison—literally, "the house of visitations," or "punishments," that is, where there was penal work enforced on the prisoners, such as grinding. Hence the Septuagint renders it "the house of the mill." So Samson, after his eyes were put out, "ground" in the Philistine prison-house (Jud 16:21).

52:12-23 The Chaldean army made woful havoc. But nothing is so particularly related here, as the carrying away of the articles in the temple. The remembrance of their beauty and value shows us the more the evil of sin.

12. tenth day—But in 2Ki 25:8, it is said "the seventh day." Nebuzara-dan started from Riblah on the "seventh" day and arrived in Jerusalem on the "tenth" day. Seeming discrepancies, when cleared up, confirm the genuineness of Scripture; for they show there was no collusion between the writers; as in all God's works there is latent harmony under outward varieties.

17. brake—that they might be more portable. Fulfilling the prophecy (Jer 27:19). See 1Ki 7:15, 23, 27, 50. Nothing is so particularly related here as the carrying away of the articles in the temple. The remembrance of their beauty and preciousness heightens the bitterness of their loss and the evil of sin which caused it.brass … brazen—rather "copper … of copper."

20. bulls … under the bases—But the bulls were not "under the bases," but under the sea (1Ki 7:25, 27, 38); the ten bases were not under the sea, but under the ten lavers. In English Version, "bases," therefore, must mean the lower parts of the sea under which the bulls were. Rather, translate, "the bulls were in the place of (that is, 'by way of'; so the Hebrew, 1Sa 14:9), bases," or supports to the sea [Buxtorf]. So the Septuagint. 2Ki 25:16 omits the "bulls," and has "and the bases"; so Grotius here reads "the bulls (which were) under (the sea) and the bases."

21. eighteen cubits—but in 2Ch 3:15, it is "thirty-five cubits." The discrepancy is thus removed. Each pillar was eighteen common cubits. The two together, deducting the base, were thirty-five, as stated in 2Ch 3:15 [Grotius].

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Translations8 · 5

AMHEVG ሴዴቅያስ መንገሥ በጀመረ ጊዜ የሀያ አንድ ዓመት ጕልማሳ ነበረ፥ በኢየሩሳሌምም አሥራ አንድ ዓመት ነገሠ፤ እናቱም አሚጣል የተባለች የሊብና ሰው የኤርምያስ ልጅ ነበረች። አማርኛ BCV ሴዴቅያስ ኣብ ይሁዳ ኽነግስ እንተሎ ወዲ ዕስራን ሓደን ዓመት ጐበዝ ነበረ፤ ኣብ ኢየሩሳሌምውን ዓሰርተ ሓደ ዓመት ነገሰ። እኖኡ ኣሚጣል እትብሃል ጓል ኤርሚያስ በዓል ሊብና ነበረት። ትግርኛ GAZBIB Zedeqiiyaan dhalatee waggaa digdamii tokkotti mootii ta'ee, Yerusaalem keessa taa'ee waggaa kudha tokko in mo'e; maqaan… Afaan Oromoo BCV GIZ ወልደ ዕሥራ ወአሐዱ ዓመት ሴዴቅያስ አመ ነግሠ ወዓሠርተ ወአሐደ ዓመተ ነግሠ በኢየሩሳሌም፤ ወስማ ለእሙ አሚጣል ወለተ ኤርምያስ እምሎምና። giz GAZGAZ Zedeqiiyaan dhalatee waggaa digdamii tokkotti mootii ta'ee, Yerusaalem keessa taa'ee waggaa kudha tokko in mo'e; maqaan… Afaan Oromoo BCV aksum ሴዴቅያስ ኣብ ይሁዳ ኽነግስ እንተሎ ወዲ ዕስራን ሓደን ዓመት ጐበዝ ነበረ፤ ኣብ ኢየሩሳሌምውን ዓሰርተ ሓደ ዓመት ነገሰ። እኖኡ ኣሚጣል እትብሃል ጓል ኤርሚያስ በዓል ሊብና ነበረት። ትግርኛ AMHNIV ሴዴቅያስ ሲነግሥ ዕድሜው ሃያ አንድ ዓመት ነበረ፤ በኢየሩሳሌም ዐሥራ አንድ ዓመት ነገሠ፤ የእናቱም ስም አሚጣል ሲሆን፣ እርሷም የሊብና ሰው የኤርምያስ ልጅ ነበረች። አማርኛ SWAHSUV Sedekia alikuwa na umri wa miaka ishirini na mmoja hapo alipoanza kumiliki; naye akamiliki miaka kumi na mmoja huko Yer… Kiswahili